Research  ·  2026 Edition  ·  The SBC Research Report

Most recent fiscal year (FY2024–2026) · 1,703 US-listed companies with material SBC

$388.7B


Every US-listed company that pays meaningful stock-based comp, pulled from SEC EDGAR.

A reference dataset on how stock-based compensation is showing up across US-listed company income statements. $388.7B recognized across 1,703 US-listed companies with material SBC, each tied to their most recent completed fiscal year (FY2024–2026 depending on fiscal calendar) and a primary annual filing on www.sec.gov (10-K, or 20-F / 40-F for foreign issuers). Sortable and searchable across every issuer.

The SBC Research Report · 2026 Edition Carver Edison As of May 20, 2026

Key Findings · Most Recent Fiscal Year · 1,703 US-listed companies

Stock-based comp is now one of the largest non-cash items on the public-company income statement. It now sits alongside R&D and rent as a structural line, not a one-time event.

Aggregate SBC

$388.7B

Total stock-based compensation across 1,703 US-listed companies with material SBC, each measured in their most recent completed fiscal year.

% of Operating Cash Flow

10.3%

Aggregate SBC as a share of the most recent fiscal year's operating cash flow. The median company runs 8.9%.

SBC > Net Income

649/1,703

Companies where the most recent fiscal year's stock-based comp exceeded full-year net income. Includes 514 companies that did not turn a profit. Among profitable companies only: 135.

Top 25 Concentration

39%

Share of total report SBC concentrated in just 25 names. The other 1,678 companies combined contribute the remaining 61%.

The Full Table · 1,703 Companies

Every figure ties to an SEC primary filing. Sort, filter by sector or SBC size, and follow the citation.

Most recent fiscal year per issuer (FY2024–2026) · most recent 10-K · as of 2026-05-20
Sector
Min SBC
Showing 0 of 1,703
Company Sector SBC (FY) % Rev % OCF % NI Net Income SBC YoY FY Source
Page 1

The Market Heatmap

Top 500 issuers by SBC, grouped by sector.

Each tile is one company. Tile area is proportional to that company's stock-based comp dollars. Click any tile for the full breakdown. Toggle the color encoding below to switch the lens.

Color by:
SBC as % of Revenue Low % Rev
High % Rev
SOFTWARE & IT SERVICES
COMPUTER HARDWARE
SEMICONDUCTORS
SPECIALTY RETAIL
BANKS
PHARMACEUTICALS
BUSINESS SERVICES
CAPITAL MARKETS
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
INSURANCE
CONSUMER FINANCE
RETAIL
COMMUNICATIONS
LEISURE
MEDICAL DEVICES
OIL & GAS
OIL & GAS
REITS
AEROSPACE
UTILITIES
INDUSTRIAL

Try It On Your Company

See your own SBC impact in 60 seconds.

Enter any public ticker. The calculator models net income lift, EPS improvement, and shareholder value upside from eliminating stock-based comp expense, using each company's reported financials.

Open the SBC Impact Calculator No sign-up · uses public company financials

Patterns Worth Noting

Inside the dataset.

Where SBC Sits Above The Earnings Line

0 of 0

38% of the report Most Recent FY

Companies where the most recent fiscal year's stock-based comp exceeded full-year net income — including 514 companies that did not turn a profit, where any positive SBC automatically clears a negative earnings line. Of the 649 total, 135 were profitable companies where SBC genuinely topped earnings.

Top 25 Concentration

0

of all $388.7B sits in just 25 names. The other 1,678 companies combined contribute the remaining 61%.

Year-Over-Year Growth

+0

Prior FY
$351B
Current FY
$380B

YoY comparison includes only companies public for both fiscal years, excluding 25 first-public-year companies whose prior year is pre-IPO (1,664 of 1,703), representing $380.0B of the $388.7B total.

The Pace

$0B

Per day, every day

$44.4M per hour, $12,325 per second. Recognized as a GAAP expense across US public markets.

Software & IT Services Footprint

$118B

223 companies, 30% of all SBC. The single most concentrated sector by both dollars and intensity.

The Mega-Issuer Tier

0 cos · 0

56 of 1,703 companies $195B

recognize $1B or more in SBC each. Together they account for more than half the entire report's total.

SBC > Operating Cash Flow

0

companies recognized more SBC than they generated in operating cash flow. The non-cash add-back matters.

SBC > Revenue

0

companies where annual SBC exceeded total revenue. Many are recent IPOs absorbing first-year grant amortization.

Median Company

$0

is the median company's annual SBC across the dataset. Distribution is heavily skewed by the mega-cap tier.

Highest % of Revenue

Where equity comp eats the most revenue.

IONQ
240%
FIG
129%
HNGE
109%
STUB
83%
NTSK
73%
WLTH
71%
Highest % of OCF

The non-cash line behind free cash flow.

STUB
752%
FIG
544%
HNGE
375%
AXON
300%
ARM
207%
TTAN
179%
Top YoY Movers

Biggest annual changes.

UP

META
+$3.7B
GOOGL
+$2.2B
AVGO
+$1.8B
NVDA
+$1.6B
WELL
+$1.5B

DOWN

AMZN
$-2.5B
INTC
$-976M
SAP
$-780M
RBRK
$-585M
RDDT
$-458M

Dollar deltas reflect year-over-year change in reported SBC. Large single-year jumps may include one-time equity acceleration from acquisitions recognized under ASC 805 purchase accounting rather than ongoing grant activity.

What This Means For Your Plan

The largest non-cash expense on your income statement can be issued in a different way.

Cashless Participation® is a different issuance mechanism, designed to deliver the same equity compensation with materially less GAAP cost, without changing what your people earn.

Traditional Issuance

Standard grant structure. Full SBC recognized over the service period.

IssuanceGrant
Comp philosophySame
Employee valueSame
SBC expenseRecognized
EPS impactDrag

Cashless Participation®

Cashless issuance. Designed to reduce SBC drag without changing what your people earn.

IssuanceCashless
Comp philosophySame
Employee valueSame
SBC expenseUp to 85% reduction
EPS impactDesigned to improve

See Your Own Numbers

1,703 companies in this report. One of them is yours.

30 minutes with our team. We'll project your actual SBC, EPS, and dilution profile with Cashless Participation® layered on top of your existing equity programs.

Methodology

How we built this. Where every number comes from.

Every figure is pulled directly from filings on SEC EDGAR. No third-party aggregators. No pre-trained estimates. No projections.

Sources: data.sec.gov XBRL company-concept API + frames API + submissions API. Cross-verified against the rendered 10-K HTML on www.sec.gov using inline XBRL tags. Verification logs available on request.

  • Universe. Every company currently listed on a US exchange (NYSE, Nasdaq and affiliates; OTC excluded) with material stock-based compensation in its most recent fiscal year (FY2024–FY2026). Candidates come from the SEC's us-gaap SBC frames for calendar years 2024 and 2025 plus a full sweep of 20-F and 40-F foreign-filer annual reports. Listing status is taken from the SEC's ticker-exchange registry as of June 12, 2026; companies delisted, acquired or deregistered since their last annual report are excluded, each verified against the issuer's Form 25 delisting filings. Issuers appearing under two CIKs (a listed parent plus its own SEC-filing financing subsidiary, partnership twin or predecessor shell) are counted once. 1,703 companies are included.
  • Accounting standards. US GAAP filers are measured from us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation (the cash-flow add-back), with fallbacks to us-gaap:AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense, the additional-paid-in-capital credit for compensation recognized over the requisite service period, and the recognized compensation-cost tag, in that order; full-scope concepts only, never plan-specific partial tags. IFRS foreign private issuers are measured from the analogous ifrs-full share-based payment tags (AdjustmentsForSharebasedPayments first, then the total-expense and employee-expense tags, then the sum of equity-settled and cash-settled components). IFRS 2 and ASC 718 measure share-based compensation on closely similar but not identical bases. For a small set of large filers whose SBC facts exist only inside the filing document (company-extension tags or dimensionally-qualified facts that the SEC's concept API does not surface), figures are extracted directly from the annual report's inline-XBRL layer under documented per-company scope mappings, cross-validated against component totals; each such row cites its tag and accession like every other row. Companies with no machine-readable consolidated SBC fact in any layer (the figure appears only as narrative note text or in combined buckets that cannot be split) cannot be included.
  • Currency. Non-USD reporters are converted at the average of ECB daily reference rates over the company's own fiscal year (Taiwan dollar and Peruvian sol use documented static rates; hyperinflationary currencies are excluded). Percentages and growth rates are computed in the reporting currency and are FX-neutral; only dollar levels are converted. Each row's currency and rate appear in the CSV.
  • Revenue, OCF, net income, share counts. Pulled from the contract-revenue tags or Revenues (Revenue under IFRS), NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities (CashFlowsFromUsedInOperatingActivities), NetIncomeLoss with ProfitLoss fallback (ProfitLossAttributableToOwnersOfParent under IFRS), and weighted-average diluted shares. Every metric in a row is anchored to the same fiscal period as that company's SBC figure; where a tag does not cover that period the cell is left blank rather than filled from a different year. For banks, REITs and insurers whose contract-revenue tag captures only a sliver of true revenue (interest, lease and premium income sit outside it), the umbrella Revenues total is used when materially larger; where no usable total is tagged, revenue is left blank.
  • Sector classification. Derived from each company's SIC code in the SEC submissions API, mapped to a 66-bucket sector taxonomy (see CSV for raw SIC + SIC description), with per-company overrides for the few cases SIC cannot resolve (e.g. cruise lines and cargo shippers both carry SIC 4400). Classification approximates, but is not, GICS.
  • FY anchor. Most-recent 10-K (or 20-F / 40-F for foreign private issuers) covering a 350 to 380 day period. Anchored to FY2025 for calendar-year issuers; off-cycle fiscal years use the most recently filed annual report.
  • Year-over-year growth. Prior-year figures use the comparative as presented in the company's most recent annual report (i.e. restated where restatements occurred), with a guard against scale-error re-tags. The aggregate and per-sector YoY figures exclude 25 first-public-year companies that were not publicly traded for their entire prior fiscal year (listing date from each issuer's first Form 8-A12B or 424B4 on EDGAR), since their pre-IPO or partial prior year inflates the change, along with companies lacking a comparable prior-year figure. This applies to the growth figures only; the SBC intensity benchmarks (% of revenue, cash flow, net income), threshold counts and dollar totals include all 1,703 companies. The median %-of-OCF figure is computed over companies with positive operating cash flow.
  • Most recent quarter. Latest 10-Q single-quarter value. For issuers reporting cumulative YTD only, derived by subtracting the prior cumulative period. Foreign private issuers do not file 10-Qs; their quarterly fields are blank.
  • Materiality. Companies entered the universe at $25M+ of SBC at selection; a small number of rows sit below that line where subsequently filed figures came in lower. They are retained for completeness.
  • Verification. Headline figures were independently confirmed against the rendered iXBRL tags in each issuer's annual-report HTML on www.sec.gov.
  • Independence. Carver Edison did not consult any company on this list during the construction of this report.